REGENERATIVE MEDICINE AND STEM CELL APPLICATIONS IN REPAIRING AND REPLACING ORAL AND DENTAL TISSUES

Abstract

Restorative dentistry is now an open, rapidly developing science grounded in biomedical engineering and stem cell biology advances. The present dental care, as powerful as it is, remains symptom alleviation but not always tissue construction in nature. Dental and oral tissue regeneration uses with a focus on innovation between the years 2020 and 2025. Comparative critical literature was presented on clinical trials, preclinical evidence, and future technologies of dental stem cell therapy, biomaterials, and tissue engineering strategies. Dental stem cells (DSCs) from dental pulp have been effectively utilized to regenerate periodontal supporting tissue, dental pulp tissue, and periodontal tissue. Clinical practice has also proved effective and safe for treating pulpitis, periapical lesions, and periodontitis. Newly developed biomaterials such as 3D-printed scaffolds and peptide-modified hydrogels have improved the treatment. Stem cell differentiation, biocompatibility of scaffolds, and growth factor delivery are the challenges.

Regenerative dentistry is a new paradigm for biomedical restorative practice founded upon the model of regrown biological tissue. With encouraging clinical evidence already in print, the next task of developing new protocols and tested treatment protocols suitable for translation to application in the clinic on a broad scale must be prioritized.